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Module Title	Environmental Degradation of Materials
School	Metallurgy and Materials
Department	Metallurgy & Materials
Module Code	04 26593
Module Lead	Dr Clive Ponton
Level	Honours Level
Credits	10
Semester	Semester 2
Pre-requisites	Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Alloys and Applications - (04 22388)
Co-requisites
Restrictions	None
Contact Hours	Lecture-22 hours Guided independent study-78 hours Total: 100 hours
Exclusions
Description	This course relates to materials exposed to high temperatures. It can be divided into two parts: Part A – High Temperature Corrosion of materials Part B – High Temperature Mechanical behavior In the treatment hereof a number of aspects will be addressed: High temperature applications: a) combustion engines and gas turbines b) boiler materials (heater and steam pipes) c) waste and bio mass incinerators d) solid oxygen fuel cells e) plasma-wall interactions Materials for high temperature applications: a) Fe and Ni based alloys (Laves phases) b) superalloys c) intermetallics (TiAl, NiAl etc) d) ceramics e) composites (metal matrix and ceramic matrix) f) refractory materials and coatings g) properties-temperature relations Course contents: Part A: High Temperature Corrosion Introduction of high temperature oxidation a) cases, applications b) methods of investigation c) accelerated test d) lifetime prediction Gas-solid interactions: oxidation, sulfidation, carburizing, nitriding a) thermodynamics b) construction of thermodynamic diagrams c) calculation of activities in gaseous environments d) oxidation, sulfidation, carburizing, nitriding Mechanisms of oxidation a) solid state diffusion, internal and external oxidation b) oxidation kinetics, nucleation c) Wagner theory d) defect chemistry Oxidation of pure metals and alloys a) scale formation and b) scale mechanical stability, stresses and adhesion c) volatile species d) selective oxidation Reactions with mixed environments a) sulfidation, carburizing, nitriding b) watervapour effects c) halogen effects d) hot corrosion e) metal dusting f) erosion effects Protective coatings a) diffusion and overlay coatings b) thermal barrier coatings c) environmental barrier coatings Part B: Mechanical Behaviour Creep in crystalline solids (metals and ceramics) a) creep testing b) creep mechanisms c) deformation mechanism maps d) extrapolation procedures e) creep resistant materials f) creep fracture High temperature fatigue (metal alloys) a) testing b) creep-fatigue interactions c) effect of environment Thermomechanical fatigue (metal alloys) a) definitions b) role of mechanical constraint c) elastic / plastic shakedown d) testing e) TMF in super alloys: effects of phasing, crystal orientation, time, environment f) lifetime prediction models Thermal shock (ceramics) Recommended Reading: Text book on high temperature oxidation: N. Birks, G.M. Meijer and F.S. Petit, Introduction to the High Temperature Oxidation of Metals, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, 2006. Text book on deformation and fracture mechanics of engineering materials: Richard Hertzberg, 4th edition, Wiley, 1996.
Learning Outcomes	By the end of the module students should be able to: identify the different mechanisms by which creep can occur in crystalline solids and explain the principle and usage of deformation mechanism maps perform extrapolations of creep rupture data identify effects of temperature and environment for high-temperature fatigue describe the conditions for which thermal/thermomechanical fatigue play a role explain how isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue are tested and how lifetime is predicted describe possible mechanisms of thermal/thermomechanical fatigue in high-temperature materials and identify the major affecting parameters describe the phenomenon of thermal shock and explain the major parameters affecting this understand gas-solid interactions; thermodynamics and reaction kinetis understand methods of investigation for materials applied at high temperatures give materials solutions for high temperature applications (UK-Spec Learning Outcomes:- E1 & P1)
Assessment	26593-01 : Exam : Exam (Centrally Timetabled) - Written Unseen (100%)
Assessment Methods & Exceptions	Exam
Other	None
Reading List