Course Details in 2024/25 Session

Module Title	LI Foundations of Clinical Practice
School	Institute of Clinical Sciences
Department	Dentistry
Module Code	01 37516
Module Lead	Mrs Z Abbas
Level	Intermediate Level
Credits	20
Semester	Semester 2
Pre-requisites
Co-requisites
Restrictions	Enhanced DBS check required. 45% in each component. Competencies are unlimited in attempts (except Class II) but may prevent independent patient care. Class II Cavity and Restoration Competency - 4 attempts in total are permitted – 4th attempt is carried out with the external examiner present – if students are unsuccessful this would mean the student fails the module and would be asked to withdraw from the BDS course.
Contact Hours	Lecture-60 hours Seminar-30 hours Tutorial-8 hours Project supervision-30 hours Practical Classes and workshops-6 hours Work based learning-31 hours Guided independent study-35 hours Total: 200 hours
Exclusions
Description	This module introduces students to a range of practical and theoretical aspects of clinical dentistry which underpins the Clinical Practice and Specialty Teaching modules in year 3. Through lectures, tutorials, small group teaching, laboratory exercises and clinical experience students are given a basic framework identifying professional practice in order to facilitate understanding of clinical skills and patient management. Emphasis is placed on understanding disease processes, their development and prevention. Training is given on how to deal with a range of medical emergencies that may occur in dental practice. Instruction on the theory and practical administration of local anaesthesia is given. The underpinning principles of infection control are taught in this module to enable students to follow clinic protocols. Students are introduced to the principles of tooth morphology, tooth eruption, building on earlier teaching in Oral biology. This module will consist of 3 sections The clinical practice Oral medicine, surgery, pathology and radiology Periodontology The clinical practice part includes lectures in subjects that prepare the student to clinical practice such as infection control, oral diagnosis, medical history taking, dental charting and drugs in dentistry. This also includes training in human factors and clinical governance with an introduction to all clinical specialties. Besides the lectures the students will also get a number of hours of clinical assisting with older students, clinical sessions for oral diagnosis and history taking and also training in software used for patient booking and history taking. Training is also given on how to deal with a range of medical emergencies that may occur in dental practice. The students will familiarize themselves with the clinical surroundings and all the basis of infection control. The Oral Medicine, surgery, pathology and radiology places emphasis is placed on understanding disease processes, their development and prevention. In dental pathology a series of lectures and classroom practical exercises enable students to understand the aetiology, pathogenesis and consequences of common dental diseases (dental caries, periodontal disease and periapical disease). Students are also introduced to the principles of tooth morphology and tooth eruption building on earlier teaching in Oral Biology. In radiography students are introduced to theoretical and practical aspects of dental radiography, and the underpinning regulations and legislation by a series of lectures and small group teaching. The practical aspects of radiography are further developed and assessed in the clinical environment in Year 3. This module provides the underpinning information and understanding. Instruction on the theory and practical administration of local anaesthesia is given. When introduced to live patient care, students learn to recognise and present clinical findings. The oral diagnosis and preventive aspect of dental disease is further explored in the clinical periodontology module where through a series of lectures, simulation and clinical sessions, the students will be able to understand the biological basis of patient management. A comprehensive clinical-scientific project investigating plaque induced inflammation forms a longitudinal study throughout the module. This uses a problem based learning method and introduces how basic biological sciences underpin clinical practice and its evidence base.
Learning Outcomes	By the end of the module students should be able to: Demonstrate a basic understanding of the theory and practice of local anaesthesia. Demonstrate the ability to perform basic life support and a basic understanding of the management of medical emergencies Record a patient’s medical and dental history and demonstrate an understanding of the need to reach a diagnosis and formulate a patient centred treatment plan with assistance from staff. Demonstrate a developing understanding of the role of dental plaque in the aetiology of gingival and periodontal diseases. Demonstrate a basic understanding of scientific method and how evidence-based clinical practice evolves. Demonstrate knowledge of the basic skills required to safely examine patient’s periodontal health. Demonstrate an understanding of the disease processes in the dental and peri-dental tissues and be able to apply this knowledge to aid diagnosis of dental and periodontal disease. Demonstrate an understanding of the theory and practical aspects of dental radiographic techniques and their relevance to diagnosis, performing these with assistance. Demonstrate an understanding of the operation of an X-ray unit and safe usage of radiographic equipment, maintaining radiation protection standards and quality assurance protocols within the Ionizing Radiation Regulations. Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of quality assurance in assessing radiographs. Demonstrate an ability to prepare and restore a range of simple cavities at a novice level. Follow clinic cross-infection protocols and work safely in the clinical setting. Demonstrate effective interpersonal and communication skills with regard to interactions with patients and other concerned persons. Obtain, record and present a patient’s history; carry out extra- and intra-oral examination, including appropriate special tests. With help, be able to analyse these factors to make a diagnosis, advise and motivate patients in the prevention of oral and dental disease. Obtain valid consent from the patient before starting treatment Assess patients’ levels of anxiety, experience and expectations in respect of dental care Underpin all patient care with a preventive approach that contributes to the patient’s long-term oral and general health Work effectively as a member of the dental team, recognising their own limitations in providing patient care. Demonstrate an understanding of the range of diseases that affect the periodontal and associated tissues, the biological basis and risk factors (e.g. smoking) for those diseases and their management, and the impact of periodontal health upon general health and wellbeing. Demonstrate a novice or learner level in examining, diagnosing, risk prediction, treatment planning and managing, in the broadest sense, the most common periodontal disorders by non-surgical methods. Demonstrate effective communication at an individual patient level, explaining the nature of their periodontal condition, employing biofeedback and motivational methods and ensuring patients understand their role in managing their disease and how to best achieve this. With assistance, be able to assess, diagnose and manage caries and where appropriate, restore the dentition using the principle of minimal intervention
Assessment	37516-01 : OSCE : (MDS) Structured Clinical Assessment (70%) 37516-02 : Mini Case Report : Coursework (30%) 37516-03 : Class II Cavity and Restoration Competency : (MDS) Skills in simulation (0%)
Assessment Methods & Exceptions	Assessments: Gateway Objective Structured Clinical Assessment (OSCE) 70% This consists of a series of practical and knowledge stations which test students on a range of clinical practice and speciality aspects. The OSCE would comprise stations based around: Consisting of, but not limited to: Prosthetic Dentistry (including laboratory skills) Periodontology Conservative Dentistry Radiography Communication Skills Dental Pathology Oral Biology (tooth eruption and morphology) Basic Life Support Core Clinical Competencies The examination is standard set using Borderline Regression. A pass in the OSCE but poor performance or failure in an individual “key patient safety” station would lead to remedial teaching prior to progression to BDS 3. Mini Case Report 30% Student must write a 1000 word essay on a case they have assisted for. The student should demonstrate understanding of the steps involved in the procedure they assisted for and a focus will be on their reflection of the clinical session. A number of other Clinical Gateway competency assessments are required to be completed prior to live patient activity but do not halt progression (unlimited) Clinical Gateway Competency History Competency PMPR Competency Local Anaesthesia Competency Radiography Qdoc / PACS / RIS New Patient Competency- virtual assessment Class II Competency (4 attempts) Denture Design Module passmark is 50%
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